Sewing terms the meaning
grainline
Directions of threads that make up fabric; lengthwise grain
threads are parallel to the selvage (finished sides), and crosswise
grain threads are at right angles to selvage.(http://www.queenoflace.com/pages/SewingDefinitions.htm)
gore
A gore
is a shaped segment, narrow at the top and wider at the base, extending
from the waistline to the hem of a skirt. Flared skirts can be made of 2
or more gores. Four-. six-. and eight-gore skirts are common. (Wikipedia)
straight grain
This is the direction from top to bottom of you
fabric. Unless otherwise noted. most patterns are laid out on this
grain. Pattern pieces will show an arrow letting you know which way to
lay the fabric. Selvages are on the straight of grain. To prevent your
item from twisting after washing. lay your patten piece on the fabric.
Place a pin at the end of one arrow. Measure the distance from the arrow
to the selvage. Now move down to the other end of the arrow and measure
the same distance as the top and pin. Now your ready to pin the
balance of your pattern to the fabric. (http://www.queenoflace.com/pages/SewingDefinitions.htm)
selvage
The left and right side of the fabric. Patterns are usually
laid in the same direction of the selvage. The weave of the selvage is
usually heavier and tighter knit. It stabilizes the fabric and prevent
unraveling. Sewing clothing using the selvage as one side is not
recommended as it will not allow to movement in conjunctions with the
unselvaged other side. Selvages are great to save with you cut them
off. You can use them to stabilize a seam such as a shoulder or armhole
after sewing the pieces together. Ex: after sewing the shoulder
together, take a piece of the selvage you cut off and lay it over the
seam. Sew one straight piece across the shoulder. This will strengthen
the shoulder and help prevent fabric from being stretched. Great for
fine thin fabrics. Designer clothing will almost always have this in the
shoulder or along the sleeves when it will not be shown through the
clothing. (http://www.queenoflace.com/pages/SewingDefinitions.htm)
seam allowance
A seam allowance
is the area between the edge of fabric and the stitching line on two
(or more) pieces of material being stitched together. Seam allowances
can range from 1/4 inch wide (6.35 mm) to as much as several inches.
Commercial patterns for home sewers have seam allowances ranging from
1/4 inch to 5/8 inch. (Wikipedia)
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